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Vertical replenishment
Vertical replenishment, or VERTREP is a method of supply of seaborne vessels by helicopter. The United States Department of Defense defines VERTREP as:
...the transfer of cargo between ships using helicopters. VERTREP is often used to supplement connected replenishment. Weapons loads, generally limited to 1,800 kg (4,000 pounds), are transferred from the supply ship to the flight deck of the amphibious ship. The decided advantage of a VERTREP is that it can effect replenishment without ship-to-ship connection.〔(OPNAVINST 8000.16 Volume II ) United States Department of Defense, 01 September 1999, Chapter 6, Page 6-3-3〕
== History ==
The United States Sixth Fleet had developed VERTREP routines in 1962 with SH-3 Sea King helicopters operating from and .〔Polmar, Norman, "Historic Aircraft: The King of the Sea," ''Naval History'', February 2012, p. 13.〕 Each ship carried one SH-3. At that time, there was some anticipation that nuclear-powered ships might reduce the need for alongside refueling. ''Altair'' performed the first night VERTREP to an aircraft carrier in 1965.〔Nickodemus, April 1967, p.115〕
Modern United States Navy VERTREP procedures were initiated from in November 1964.〔Pursley, November 1966, p.183〕 ''Sacramento'' embarked two CH-46 Sea Knight helicopters to enable simultaneous transfer of ammunition by helicopter while petroleum fuels were pumped through conventional alongside-hose connections. Ammunition could be delivered to other ships up to 100 miles from ''Sacramento''. Receiving ships have greater freedom of maneuver during VERTREP than conventional alongside transfers; and time loss is minimal in comparison to maneuvering alongside and rigging transfer lines. One Cold War VERTREP was accomplished while the receiving United States destroyer maintained contact with a Soviet submarine.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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